Fatty Acid Composition in Intramuscular Lipids of Experimental Scaly Crossbreds in 3-Year-Old Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the composition of fatty acids (in % of total fatty acids investigated), their total contents and ratios (n-6/n-3) in intramuscular lipids (IML) of three experimental scaly groups of carp (pure line PS: Přerov scaly carp, hybrid PS × M72: Přerov scaly carp × Northern mirror carp, hybrid PS × ROP: Přerov scaly carp × Ropsha scaly carp) in comparison with the mirror carp control group (hybrid M2 × M72: Hungarian mirror carp × Northern mirror carp). Compared with the controls (M2 × M72), fat content in meat of experimental groups of carp (PS, PS × M72, PS × ROP) was practically the same (p > 0.05). The highest fat content (89.8 ± 1.94 g kg-1) was found in meat of PS × ROP hybrids. Composition of fatty acids in IML was not influenced to any large degree by a hybrid type or by gender. The only exception was the IML of PS × ROP hybrids which, compared with controls (M2 × M72) and PS × M72 hybrids, contained significantly (p < 0.05) more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAsum). Higher content of oleic acid (PS × ROP: 54.94 ± 0.70%) in carp fat was manifested by higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAsum) values (PS × ROP: 64.20 ± 0.57%). IML of PS × ROP hybrids contained 6.99 ± 0.20% of linoleic acid and 0.53 ± 0.02% of arachidonic acid. Contents of α-linoleic acid (PS × ROP: 0.86 ± 0.09%), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (PS × ROP: 0.69 ± 0.09%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (PS × ROP: 0.35 ± 0.02%) were low and influenced the PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio (PS × ROP: 3.25 ± 0.18). From this point of view, the IML of carp groups in this experiment constituted a relatively minor source of PUFAn-3 (PS × ROP: 2.39 ± 0.09%).