Abstract
A comparison of the fatty acid, amino acid and proximate composition between the roe of wild and cultivated beluga (Huso huso) sturgeon from Iran are presented here. The fatty acid profile varied between wild and cultivated sturgeons but there was no differences observed for proximate composition and amino acid profile. The wild sturgeon roe contained higher amounts of n-3 fatty acids particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) (wild: 2.9%, cultivated: 1.24%) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) (wild: 5.1%, cultivated: 2.38%). Linolenic and linoleic acids were the predominant fatty acids in roe from cultivated beluga, a reflection of diet and also a likely physiological adaptation to a higher temperature environment. Low levels of PUFA in cultivated sturgeon negatively affected fertilization and hatching ratios which were significantly lower than for the wild fish. Hence, in order to culture beluga, feed with higher fatty acid with more n-3 is necessary to reach high quality roe and fertilization and hatching ratio.
Highlights
Sturgeon populations worldwide are decreasing due to the overfishing, pollution and habitat destruction
The fatty acid profile of the cultivated and wild sturgeon roes was different and it is likely that the reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids negatively affected fertilization ratio in the cultivated beluga sturgeon
The fertilization rate was significantly lower in the cultivated beluga, 45% compared to 81% for the wild beluga in 8 years old fish
Summary
Sturgeon populations worldwide are decreasing due to the overfishing, pollution and habitat destruction. A comparison of the chemical composition (chemical, fatty acid and amino acid profiles) of the roe from farmed and wild caught beluga (H. huso) from the same watershed in the southern Caspian Sea is presented and how this may affect egg survival is presented.
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