Fatigue Properties of Resistance Spot Welded Dissimilar Interstitial-Free and High Strength Micro-Alloyed Steel Sheets

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the influence of nugget diameter on tensile-shear and fatigue properties of the dissimilar resistance spot-welded joints of interstitial free and high strength niobium microalloyed steel sheets. The spot-weldings are done at currents of 7 kA and 9 kA at welding time of 300 ms with electrode force of 2.6 kN. Fatigue tests are done at different load amplitudes, considering the maximum tensile-shear load bearing capacity of the joints. The tests are interrupted before the final failure to understand the crack initiation and propagation paths. The study is supplemented by the microstructural and detailed fractographic analyses. The results indicated that the fatigue strength of the spot-welds increased with a decrease in nugget diameter. This could be attributed to the higher microhardness of heat affected zone (HAZ), presence of compressive residual stress and lower variation in thickness reduction on the IF steel side, welded at 7 kA. However, the tensile-shear load bearing capacity of the spot-welds increased with increase in the nugget diameter. The failure of the spot-welded joint under static loading initiates from the HAZ/base metal interface of the IF steel side. Nevertheless, under cyclic loading crack initiates from the notch root at the interface of two sheets lying in the HAZ of IF steel side. Fractographic investigations indicate intergranular fracture features in combination with striations, secondary cracks on the IF steel side under cyclic loading. Fracture surfaces of the specimens failed under static loading shows however, shear dimples on the IF steel side.