Abstract
There are seed propagated walnut (Juglans regia L.) populations with the vast genetic variation in different part of Turkey. There are also lots of monoecious and dichogamous genotypes in Turkey due to continuing sexual propagation. In this study, fruits of 19 selected walnut genotypes grown in Kahramanmaraş region were characterized based on their fat, fatty acid and tocopherol contents. The fatty acids content of genotypes were analyzed using Gas Chromatography. Tocopherol analyses such as alpha (α)-Tocopherol, gamma (γ) and beta (β) + delta (δ) were performed by HPLC technique. According to the total fat and fatty acid results, there were differences among genotypes on most of the fatty acids. Total fat ranged from 51.2 to 82.1%, stearic acid from 2.57 to 3.37%, myristic acid from 0.00 to 0.05%, palmitic acid from 6.42 to 7.92%, arachidic acid from 0.00 to 0.16%, linoleic acid from 53.23 to 63.62%, linolenic acid from 10.75 to 15.24%, oleic acid from 14.73 to 24.17% and palmitoleic acid from 0.00 to 0.16%, respectively. The same genotypes were evaluated based on their tocopherol content and (α)-Tocopherol, gamma (γ) and beta (β) + delta (δ) tocopherol were found between 23.47 and 38.04 μg/g, 161.09 and 292.56 μg/g and 16.93 and 32.34 μg/g, respectively.
Highlights
Fruit trees are familiar to a wide cross-section of human society, both as a common food and for their spiritual importance
Walnut genotypes grown in Kahramanmaraş region were characterized in terms of total fat, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and tocopherol contents
The genotypes were analyzed in terms of stearic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and arachidic acid, which are saturated fatty acids as well
Summary
Fruit trees are familiar to a wide cross-section of human society, both as a common food and for their spiritual importance. Fruits have been used by people for food, either as edible products, or for culinary ingredients. Anatolia represents a germplasm center of walnut and walnut trees are exceptionally abundant within almost all regions in Turkey. Walnut trees are cultivated in Turkey mainly for their nutritious nuts, which are used as a food, in the chocolate industry, for baked foods, as well as in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Turkey is one of the main walnut producers in the world with annually 183.000 tons of walnut production and ranking 4th place after China (1.655.000 tons), Iran (485.000 tons) and USA (418.000 tons) (FAO, 2012). Besides its distinctive ability to adapt to different ecological conditions, the incentives for walnut growing around the world resulted in a remarkable increase in this field (Sütyemez and Kaşka, 2002)
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