Abstract
The estimation speed of positioning parameters determines the effectiveness of the positioning system. The time of arrival (TOA) and direction of arrival (DOA) parameters can be estimated by the space-time two-dimensional multiple signal classification (2D-MUSIC) algorithm for array antenna. However, this algorithm needs much time to complete the two-dimensional pseudo spectral peak search, which makes it difficult to apply in practice. Aiming at solving this problem, a fast estimation method of space-time two-dimensional positioning parameters based on Hadamard product is proposed in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, and the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) is also presented. Firstly, according to the channel frequency domain response vector of each array, the channel frequency domain estimation vector is constructed using the Hadamard product form containing location information. Then, the autocorrelation matrix of the channel response vector for the extended array element in frequency domain and the noise subspace are calculated successively. Finally, by combining the closed-form solution and parameter pairing, the fast joint estimation for time delay and arrival direction is accomplished. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the computational complexity and guarantee that the estimation accuracy is not only better than estimating signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm and 2D matrix pencil (MP) algorithm but also close to 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Moreover, the proposed algorithm also has certain adaptability to multipath environment and effectively improves the ability of fast acquisition of location parameters.
Highlights
Wireless target localization has found widespread application requirements in military and civilian fields
The existing time of arrival (TOA) methods mainly include cross-correlation method [1], multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm [2], delay estimation algorithm based on Markov Monte Carlo [3], propagator algorithm [4], and matrix pencil algorithm [5]
= of and 30°, the algorithm is S = 100, the scatter diagrams of the joint estimation of TOA and direction of arrival (DOA) combined with three multipath components are obtained, Figures 2 and 3 show that the algorithm has a good performance for the joint estimation at low SNR conditions
Summary
Wireless target localization has found widespread application requirements in military and civilian fields. In the environment of indoor multipath, the twodimensional matrix pencil (2D MP) algorithm is presented in [16] to achieve the joint estimation of time delay and arrival angle, which has low computational complexity, but sacrifices the effective array element and bandwidth. Zhou et al [17] provide a joint estimation algorithm of delay and DOA, which uses the frequency domain data of single antenna for MUSIC time delay estimation This algorithm uses the array data for MUSIC DOA estimation, but it fails to give a matching method of time delay and arrival angle, and its computational complexity is high. A fast estimation method of space-time twodimensional positioning parameters based on Hadamard product is presented, which can offer the closed-form solution of parameter estimation directly without pseudo spectral peak search.
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