Abstract
Fast and reliable black start plays a key role in improving the ability of the power system to resist the risk of large-scale blackouts. For a black start with high voltage and long-distance transmission lines, it is much easier to cause phenomena such as self-excitation and power frequency/operating overvoltage, which may lead to black start failure and impact the reliability of the system’s restoration. Meanwhile, the long time needed to crank up the non-black start units will impact the speed of the restoration. This paper addresses the advantages of using a thermal power unit with a fast cut back (FCB) function as a black start unit, and studies the transient process of the FCB unit during the restoration. Firstly, key problems in the power system black start process are analyzed and a practical engineering criterion of self-excitation is proposed. Secondly, the dynamic model of the FCB unit is presented. Thirdly, the field test of the FCB unit load rejection and black start is introduced, which is the first successful field test of black start with 500 kV long-distance lines in China Southern Power Grid (CSG). Finally, the transient process of this test is simulated using the PSCAD/EMTDC software, and the simulation results accord well with the field test results, which verifies the correctness of the FCB model and the self-excitation engineering criterion proposed.
Highlights
As the electricity demand in society continues to grow, the interconnected power grid is developing towards large-scale direction
In the power system restoration process, self-excitation and overvoltage caused by line charging, harmonics, and switch inrushes are the main problems that affect the success of black starts [5]
Since the thermal power unit with fast cut back (FCB) function has many advantages such as large capacity and flexible distribution, it can be used as an ideal black start power source
Summary
As the electricity demand in society continues to grow, the interconnected power grid is developing towards large-scale direction. In the power system restoration process, self-excitation and overvoltage caused by line charging, harmonics, and switch inrushes are the main problems that affect the success of black starts [5]. As far as the authors know, there is no paper that has studied the dynamic response of the FCB unit under load rejection and black start process conditions. The remaining part of the paper is organized as follows: the key problems in power system restoration are introduced, where an engineering criterion of self-excitation is presented; the dynamic model of the FCB unit is proposed in Section 3; the FCB unit load rejection and the 500 kV transmission line black start field test are introduced in Section 4; the comparative.
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