Abstract
In this paper we construct and analyze high order finite difference discretizations of a class of elliptic partial differential equations. In particular, two one-parameter families of fourth order HODIE discretizations of the Helmholtz equation are derived and a discretization optimal with respect to a certain norm of the truncation error is identified. The use of compact nine-point formulas of positive type admits both fast direct methods and standard iterative methods for the solution of the resulting systems of linear equations. Extensions yielding sixth order accuracy for the Helmholtz equation and fourth order accuracy for a more general operator are given. Finally, numerical results demonstrating the effectiveness of the discretizations for a wide range of problems are presented.
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