Abstract
We report a case of myxoma with multiple recurrences in both the atrium and ventricle in a 26-year-old woman five years after the surgical removal of left atrial myxoma. Her 52-year-old mother had a similar medical history. To our knowledge, this was the first familial case who suffered multifocal cardiac myxoma recurrences without any sign of the myxoma complex. Based on our understanding of the mechanism of recurrence, the approaches to prevent the recurrence, and markers to predict recurrence, we propose that multifocal recurrences, as reported herein, may result from a combination of familial predisposition and multifocal onset. The bi-atrial surgical approach and transesophageal echocardiography are preferred for patients with recurrent cardiac myxomas, especially for those with multiple recurrences and familial myxoma. Immunological and genetic screenings may help to identify family members at risk for developing this disease.
Highlights
Cardiac myxoma is the most frequent primary cardiac neoplasm, with an estimated incidence of 0.5 per million populations per year, and usually with benign behavior[1]
Sporadic cardiac myxoma is usually found in middle-aged women, most in the left atrium (LA) as a solitary tumor, at a recurrence rate of 1%-3%
It is often multi-centric at a recurrence rate of 10%-21%[3]
Summary
Cardiac myxoma is the most frequent primary cardiac neoplasm, with an estimated incidence of 0.5 per million populations per year, and usually with benign behavior[1]. Sporadic cardiac myxoma is usually found in middle-aged women, most in the left atrium (LA) as a solitary tumor, at a recurrence rate of 1%-3%. We describe a rare case of familial cardiac myxoma who suffered multifocal recurrences without any clinical sign of myxoma complex. Hospital of Huaian indicated a recurrent myxoma in the left atrium.
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