Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stroke Iskemik pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 (Studi Kasus di RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang)

Abstract

Background : Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of long term disability. The prevalence of stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were increased. Diabetic patients have 3-4 times greater risk for ischemic stroke than non-diabetic. Information regarding risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is still limited. This study propose to determine risk factors of ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods : Observational-analytic with case-control design study and qualitative data. Two groups of patients were include in this study, 48 ischemic stroke patient s with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 48 ischemic stroke without diabetes mellitus in Kariadi hospital, used by consecutive sampling. Data were collected by medical records and indepth interview. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression and content analysis. Results : Risk factors of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are hypertension (OR 5.42; 95% CI 1.40 to 20.93), fasting blood glucose levels ≥ 100 mg/dL(OR= 2.72; 95%CI=1.13 to 6.56), and microalbuminuria (OR=10.92; 95%CI= 1.46 to 81.66). Age,sex, working status, cholesterol levels, triglycerid levels, HDL levels, LDL levels, total cholesterol/HDL ratio, triglyceride/HDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, and hyperuricemia are not statistically significant as a risk factors of ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: Hipertension, fasting blood glucose levels ≥ 100 mg/dL and microalbuminuria are significantly risk factors of ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Microalbuminuria is the most dominant risk factor in stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.