Fairy tale as a means of moral education of preschool children

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Spiritual and moral upbringing is an urgent issue in modern society. The foundations of morality and values should be laid from the earliest and preschool age, when character and attitude to the world and people around us are formed. One of the most effective means of moral education is a fairy tale. A fairy tale is necessary for a baby, a child, and even a teenager. The tasks of a fairy tale are different for each age. A fairy tale comforts and entertains a baby, while a fairy tale educates preschoolers, gives them the opportunity to understand the moral laws of life and find answers to questions. In a preschool educational institution, spiritual and intellectual upbringing can be realized through several aspects of organized activities, one of the most striking examples of which is theatrical activity. In kindergarten, there is an opportunity to unleash the child's creative potential and foster a creative personality. Among the various traditional and non-traditional types of theater used in our kindergarten, the most appropriate for children of early and preschool age is “Theater on the Apron”. This type of theater is very relevant and mobile in our time. The teacher puts on an apron and thus embodies a theatrical performance. You can show a fairy tale, a joke or play it out with the kids in a group, on the street or in a shelter. Theatrical art is close and understandable to both children and adults, primarily because it is based on play. Collective theatrical activity is aimed at a holistic impact on the child's personality, its liberation, independent creativity, development of leading mental processes; promotes self-knowledge and self-expression of the individual, creates conditions for socialization, enhances adaptive abilities, corrects communication skills, helps to realize the feeling of satisfaction, joy, success. Involvement of kids in theatrical activities helps to master the world of human feelings, communication skills, and develop the ability to empathize with adults or peers. “Apron theater” is one of the brightest and most interesting ideas, because children can not only play some roles themselves, but also act together with adults and imitate them, kids learn to understand and use the language of facial expressions and gestures, improve their speech, in which emotional coloring and intonation are important components. It is the child's desire to participate in a theatrical performance and his or her emotional state that is very important. Children's desire to show what the character feels helps them to master the alphabet of moral relations. Empathy for the characters in the plays develops the child's feelings and understanding of bad and good human qualities. Familiarizing children with fairy tales and rhymes through theatrical activities develops not only mental functions, artistic abilities, creative potential, but also the universal ability to interact with others, to create in any field, and helps them to adapt to society and feel successful.