Fagopyrum esculentum Moench plants’ photosynthetic activity correlation with efficient grading factors

Abstract

About 95% of dry matter of agricultural crops is known to be provided by photosynthesis of plants. At the same time, its potential is realized by less than half: the efficiency of use of PAR by crops is usually in the range of 0.9 -1.5%, at best it reaches 2%. Obviously, activation of photosynthetic activity of plants by means of breeding can be considered as one of the promising ways to increase crop yields. This task is also relevant for buckwheat, which is a demanded food crop in the world market. In this regard, the purpose of the research was to study the possibility of using in buckwheat breeding the indicators of photosynthetic activity of plants based on their relationship with useful - economic characteristics of the variety. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the indicators of photosynthetic activity of buckwheat plants have a significant impact on the formation of the variety yield. Significant relationship of cultivar yield was revealed with leaf area (r=0.71), water use efficiency (r=0.68), photosynthetic potential (r=0.66) and photosynthetic intensity (r=0.35). Similar character of interrelation of these indicators in crop varieties was traced with harvesting index. It was found that the relationship between the structural and functional indicators of the leaf system of plants and the yield of buckwheat varieties does not remain constant, and significantly changes during the growing season of plants. The high polymorphism of the crop gene pool in terms of photosynthetic activity of plants and their significant relationship with the yield of the variety indicate the possibility of targeted breeding work in this direction.