Abstract
(1) Background: It is important to improve vaccination strategies and immunization programs to achieve herd immunity to infectious diseases. (2) Methods: To assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination, we conducted face-to-face surveys and online surveys in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Qinghai provinces. A fixed-effect model and a random effects model were used to analyze factors associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. (3) Findings: We initially recruited 3173 participants, 3172 participants completed the full questionnaire (the response rate was nearly 100%), of which 2169 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 87.3%. The results indicated that 82.6% of participants were willing to receive vaccination when it was available in the community, and 57.2% of deliverymen, 43.3% of medical workers, 78.2% of parents of primary and secondary school children, and 72.2% of parents of preschool children were willing to receive vaccination. The models showed that participants who were male (female vs. male: OR = 1.49, 95% CI (1.12, 1.98)), 60 to 69 years-old (60–69 vs. <30: OR = 0.52, 95% CI (0.29, 0.92)), had less education (medium vs. low: OR = 1.50, 95% CI (1.05, 2.23)), had good health status (good vs. low: OR = 0.36, 95% CI (0.15, 0.88)), and had positive attitudes and trust (OR = 0.14, 95% CI (0.10, 0.20)) in vaccines approved by the National Health Commission were more likely to accept vaccination. Participants also had an increased vaccination acceptance if it was recommended by government sources, doctors, relatives, or friends. Most participants learned about COVID-19 vaccination from television, radio, and newspapers, followed by community or hospital campaigns and the internet. (4) Conclusions: Government sources and doctors could increase the acceptance of vaccination by promoting the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccination by the use of mass media and emphasizing the necessity of vaccination for everyone.
Highlights
The current 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), accounts for a significant amount of the total global disease burden [1,2]
To slow the spread of infection and mitigate the adverse health effects, public health administrations in many countries implemented various control measures, such as quarantines, partial and comprehensive lockdowns, the closing of schools and businesses, and promoting mask-wearing in public areas [3]. These measures were helpful, resurgences of COVID-19 were reported in many regions after the resumption of normal activities [4,5,6]; indicating an urgent need for effective long-term preventive measures
More than ten COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for marketing in different countries [7], and numerous countries have successfully implemented vaccination programs, including China and the United States
Summary
The current 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), accounts for a significant amount of the total global disease burden [1,2]. To slow the spread of infection and mitigate the adverse health effects, public health administrations in many countries implemented various control measures, such as quarantines, partial and comprehensive lockdowns, the closing of schools and businesses, and promoting mask-wearing in public areas [3]. These measures were helpful, resurgences of COVID-19 were reported in many regions after the resumption of normal activities [4,5,6]; indicating an urgent need for effective long-term preventive measures. Many countries have achieved significant progress, two major challenges must be overcome: the poor public acceptance of vaccination and the implementation of interventions that increase the public acceptance of vaccination [8]
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