Abstract
The object of this study was to characterise the activity and selectivity of several series of vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalysts for n-butane conversion to maleic anhydride. Catalysts with P:V ratios in the range 0.94–1.10:1 were prepared. The first series was calcined in air at 773 K and was characterised by average oxidation states of vanadium between +4 and +5. For the second series calcined at 923 K this parameter was always close to +5 and was changed to +4 by reduction in hydrogen at 723 K. These catalysts were tested in conditions where changes in bulk composition were minimal. The results suggest high activity and good selectivity was obtained from catalysts which were composed of oxidized surface layers built upon a reduced core.
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