Factors influencing online shopping behavior of university students in Hanoi, Vietnam: A model and empirical study

BackgroundA range of policies aim to reduce salt intake; however, their relative effects remain unclear. We undertook a narrative synthesis of existing evidence to determine the most promising approaches.MethodsWe searched...

<h3>Background</h3> A range of policies aim to reduce salt intake; however, their relative effects remain unclear. We undertook a narrative synthesis of existing evidence to determine the most promising approaches....

<h3>Background</h3> A range of policies aim to reduce salt intake; however, their relative effects remain unclear. We undertook a narrative synthesis of existing evidence to determine the most promising approaches....

BackgroundCollege or university is a critical period regarding unhealthy changes in eating behaviours in students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore which factors influence Belgian (European) university students’ eating behaviour, using a qualitative research design. Furthermore, we aimed to collect ideas and recommendations in order to facilitate the development of effective and tailored intervention programs aiming to improve healthy eating behaviours in university students.MethodsUsing a semi-structured question guide, five focus group discussions have been conducted consisting of 14 male and 21 female university students from a variety of study disciplines, with a mean age of 20.6 ± 1.7 yrs. Using Nvivo9, an inductive thematic approach was used for data analysis.ResultsAfter the transition from secondary school to university, when independency increases, students are continuously challenged to make healthful food choices. Students reported to be influenced by individual factors (e.g. taste preferences, self-discipline, time and convenience), their social networks (e.g. (lack of) parental control, friends and peers), physical environment (e.g. availability and accessibility, appeal and prices of food products), and macro environment (e.g. media and advertising). Furthermore, the relationships between determinants and university students’ eating behaviour seemed to be moderated by university characteristics, such as residency, student societies, university lifestyle and exams. Recommendations for university administrators and researchers include providing information and advice to enhance healthy food choices and preparation (e.g. via social media), enhancing self-discipline and self-control, developing time management skills, enhancing social support, and modifying the subjective as well as the objective campus food environment by e.g. making healthy foods price-beneficial and by providing vending machines with more healthy products.ConclusionsThis is the first European study examining perceived determinants of eating behaviour in university students and collecting ideas and recommendations for healthy eating interventions in a university specific setting. University characteristics (residency, exams, etc.) influence the relationships between individual as well as social environmental determinants and university students’ eating behaviour, and should therefore be taken into account when designing effective and tailored multilevel intervention programs aiming to improve healthy eating behaviours in university students.

BackgroundCollege or university is a critical period regarding unhealthy changes in energy related behaviours in students. The first objective of this explorative study was to identify determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Belgian university students. Secondly, we aimed to collect ideas and recommendations to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behaviours in university students.MethodsUsing a semi-structured question guide, seven focus group discussions were conducted consisting of 17 male and 29 female university students from a variety of study disciplines, with a mean age of 20.7 ± 1.6 yrs. Using Nvivo9, an inductive thematic approach was used for data analysis.ResultsStudents reported that both physical and sedentary activities were influenced by individual factors (e.g. perceived enjoyment, self-discipline, time and convenience), their social networks (e.g. (lack of) parental control, modelling, social support), physical environment (e.g. availability and accessibility, travel time/distance, prices), and macro environment (e.g. media and advertising). Furthermore, the relationships between determinants and university students’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour seemed to be moderated by university characteristics, such as residency, university lifestyle, exams and academic pressure. Recommendations for future physical activity interventions include improving information strategies regarding on-campus sports activities, cheaper and/or more flexible sports subscriptions and formulas, including ‘sports time’ into the curricula, and providing university bicycles around campus. Students also believed that increasing students’ physical activity might decrease their sedentary behaviour at the same time.ConclusionsThe recommendations and ideas discussed in this study may facilitate the development of effective and tailored (multilevel) intervention programs aiming to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behaviours in university students.

Summary A large fraction of grasslands world‐wide is undergoing a rapid shift from herbaceous to woody‐plant dominance, while in other parts of the world, the opposite transition from woodland to grassland is the dominant phenomenon. These shifts have received increasing attention in the ecological literature during the last two decades due to their global extent and their impacts on ecosystem functioning. This Special Feature includes a series of contributions on key topics within the study of grass–woodland transitions, including three articles addressing the drivers of these vegetation shifts and another three evaluating their ecological consequences. These articles, which include reviews, modelling and empirical studies, highlight the multiplicity of approaches and spatial scales being currently used when studying grass–woodland transitions. The first articles focus on the role of fire in driving the dynamics of mesic grasslands in the USA, on the effects of climate change on the transition zones between treeless vegetation, savanna and forest in tropical and subtropical Americas and on the role of the internal structure of vegetation as a determinant of grassland–woodland transitions. The articles devoted to exploring the consequences include a modelling study on the ecohydrological consequences of shrub removal in western North America and an empirical study aiming at understanding how abiotic and biotic attributes influence above‐ground net productivity across Patagonian grasslands and shrublands, as well as a review of the consequences of brush management on the provision of ecosystem services. Synthesis. Identifying the best actions to avoid or take advantage of grass–woodland transitions requires a mechanistic understanding of both the drivers of these shifts and their ecological consequences. The collection of reviews, empirical and modelling studies included in this Special Feature contributes to forecasting how ongoing global change will affect grass–woodland transitions and their consequences for the provisioning of ecosystem services from drylands, which account for a large fraction of Earth's surface.

Purpose — This study aims to predict the factors that influence the academic fraud behavior of accounting students, especially during online learning. Using the Fraud Pentagon Theory model and Theory of Reasoned Action. Design/methodology/approach — This research develops the Fraud Pentagon Theory and Theory of Reasoned Action models. Data collection used a questionnaire survey with a sample of accounting students at state universities in Indonesia. Sampling technique with convenience sampling Findings — The study results prove that the Fraud Pentagon Theory and Theory of Reasoned Action can predict student academic fraud behavior. Attitude, pressure, and arrogance influenced accounting students' behavioral interest and behavior to commit academic fraud during online learning. In addition, behavioral interest also influences the academic fraud behavior of accounting students when learning online. Behavioral interest partially mediates the influence between attitude, pressure, and arrogance on academic cheating behavior. Practical implications—The Prevention of student academic fraud behavior can be considered from the attitude, pressure, arrogance, and student interest in doing so. The right methods and policies can be applied to increase efforts to suppress academic fraudulent behavior practices by students and build a culture of positive thinking among them. Originality/value — This study presents cases of student fraudulent behavior during online learning methods. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that the collaboration between fraud theory and psychological theory, namely the Fraud Pentagon Theory and Theory of Reasoned Action, can predict student academic fraud behavior. Other fraud behavior research is usually carried out separately between the two theories. Keywords — Attitude, Pressure, Arrogance, Intention, Academic Fraud Behavior, Fraud Pentagon Theory, Theory Reasoned Action. Paper type — Survey Study

A number of theoretical models, experimental studies and time-series studies of wild fish have explored the presence and magnitude of fisheries-induced evolution (FIE). While most studies agree that FIE is likely to be happening in many fished stocks, there are disagreements about its rates and implications for stock viability. To address these disagreements in a quantitative manner, we conducted a meta-analysis of FIE rates reported in theoretical and empirical studies. We discovered that rates of phenotypic change observed in wild fish are about four times higher than the evolutionary rates reported in modelling studies, but correlation between the rate of change and instantaneous fishing mortality (F) was very similar in the two types of studies. Mixed-model analyses showed that in the modelling studies traits associated with reproductive investment and growth evolved slower than rates related to maturation. In empirical observations age-at-maturation was changing faster than other life-history traits. We also found that, despite different assumption and modelling approaches, rates of evolution for a given F value reported in 10 of 13 modelling studies were not significantly different.

BackgroundHealth protective behaviours are crucial in the prevention of the spread of COVID-19, particularly in university students who typically live and study in large groups. Depression and anxiety are common in students and can impact young people’s motivations to follow health advice. The study aims to assess the relationship between mental health and COVID-19 health-protective behaviours in Zambian university students with symptoms of low mood.MethodsThe study was a cross-sectional, online survey of Zambian university students. Participants were also invited to take part in a semi-structured interview to explore views about COVID-19 vaccination. Invitation emails were sent explaining the study aims and directed students who self-identified as having low mood in the past two weeks to an online survey. Measures included COVID-19 preventive behaviours, COVID-19-related self-efficacy, and Hospital and Anxiety Depression scale.ResultsA total of 620 students (n=308 female, n=306 male) participated in the study, with a mean participant age of 22.47±3.29 years (range 18–51). Students reported a mean protective behaviour score of 74.09/105 and 74% scored above the threshold for possible anxiety disorder. Three-way ANOVA showed lower COVID-19 protective behaviours in students with possible anxiety disorder (p=.024) and those with low self-efficacy (p<0.001). Only 168 (27%) said they would accept vaccination against COVID-19, with male students being twice as likely to be willing to accept COVID-19 vaccination (p<0.001). Of 50 students interviewed. 30 (60%) expressed fears about the vaccination and 16 (32%) were concerned about a lack of information. Only 8 (16%) participants expressed doubts about effectiveness.ConclusionStudents who self-identify as having symptoms of depression have high levels of anxiety. The results suggest that interventions to reduce anxiety and promote self-efficacy might enhance students’ COVID-19 protective behaviours. Qualitative data provided insight into the high rates of vaccine hesitancy in this population.

Obesity is a serious public health concern in the Gulf States. Students are exposed to many unhealthy weight-related behaviors due to college life. However, research that gives insight into regional and culture-specific aspects and determinants of weight-related behaviors in students is lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential determinants of weight change, eating behaviors, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep behaviors in Saudi university students. Five semi-structured focus group discussions guided by Social Cognitive Theory were conducted, consisting of 33 male university students 20 to 22 years old. The data were transcribed, coded, and organized according to themes. The students reported weight gain due to personal, social, and environmental factors related to university lifestyle, such as unhealthy eating behaviors, low physical activity, high sedentary behaviors, and inadequate sleep. Both eating behaviors and physical activity shared similar personal aspects found in other studies, such as knowledge, stress, lack of time, and lack of motivation. However, there were some unique social and environmental factors in the region, such as the social norms, cultural aspects, weather conditions, passive transport dependency, and khat consumption, compared with studies worldwide. Such differences are key factors to developing effective interventions in the future.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate perceived stressors and coping behaviours in student nurses on a pre-registration programme of study. Stress in student nurses has been identified with decreased emotional well-being and poor academic achievement. The significance of stress and coping behaviours in students during training has implications for education and practice.Design/methodology/approachThe present study recruited 87 pre-registration student nurses in a cross-sectional design. Bivariate and multivariate analyses assessed the differences in field and year of study and the students’ perceived stress and coping behaviours.FindingsThe findings showed that stress is a significant issue in nurse training. Fifty-three per cent of the participants had levels higher than the mean. Interestingly, the present study found that high-perceived stress was associated with avoidance behaviours. The most common type of perceived stress and ranked by highest factor were from written assignments and a lack of professional skills and knowledge. Their peer group and everyday life activities were shown as potential ways of coping with stressors. Thus, it seems reasonable to focus support on decreasing avoidant and enhancing stress-reducing behaviours.Practical implicationsPsychological stress and coping behaviours must be considered together, as perceived stress is bound by the ability to ameliorate stress by managing helpful and unhelpful behaviours.Originality/valueThe findings may suggest that a potential benefit could come from the provision of helpful strategies such as peer group support and reduction of avoidant behaviours. Also, there seems to be a need for greater mental health literacy in dealing with stress during training.

This research aims to study the relationship between university's students learning behavior affecting their educational academic performance by using the educational data mining method. The objective of this study is to identify the learning behavior of the university students through the data mining method. It is also to allow the academician to evaluate the university student's educational academic performance and to predict the university student's learning behavior affecting their educational academic performance in their university. Tinto's model is the main theoretical framework that studies the learning behavior of the student, together with emotional behavior factors to formulate a prediction of the student academic performance. It enables academician to analyze the characteristics of students enrolling into the universities such as their family background, their goals, priorities enrolling into universities and their experience they obtained. Positive result of this study has depicted the relationship between university student's behaviors affecting their academic performance. There is a significant positive correlation between student's learning behavior and their educational academic performance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of knowledge and behavior about rational drug use in college students in different colleges and universities in a city in southwest China, providing reference for students’ education of rational drug use in colleges and universities.MethodsA questionnaire survey on knowledge and behavior in rational drug use was carried out on the students recruited by occasional sampling method in 6 colleges and universities in Zunyi, China. Statistical analyses on demographic information and answers to questionnaire questions were carried out with SPSS 18.0.ResultsA total of 865 valid questionnaires were recovered from 923 questionnaires sent out. Some knowledge and behaviors of the students on drug use were irrational. There was statistically significant difference in some specific questions of the knowledge in rational drug use between medical and non-medical students (P<0.05); the average score of rational drug use behavior of medical students was lower than that of non-medical students (P<0.05); the average score of the rational drug use behavior of female students was lower than that of male (P<0.05); the students’ major types had significantly different influence on their behavior in rational drug use (P<0.05). The school-carried pharmacy education can effectively improve students’ rational medication; the majority of college students believed that it is necessary to popularize the knowledge of rational drug use on campus; and students’ favorite way to acquire knowledge about rational drug use was to attend related lectures or elective courses.ConclusionThe knowledge and behavior of rational drug use among college students need to be improved. Professional medical education may exert a positive impact on rational drug use among college students. Thus, it is necessary to popularize the knowledge of rational drug use among college students, especially in non-medical colleges and universities.

With the rapid development of educational technology, the application of deep learning in analyzing student behavior and psychological states has become a hot topic in the field of education. This study, grounded in deep learning technology, aims to explore the correlation between student learning behaviors and psychological atmosphere, as well as the positive impact of a constructive psychological atmosphere on student learning. The background section discusses the limitations of traditional educational assessment methods and the necessity and urgency of applying deep learning in education. The current state of study section presents the progress in analyzing the correlation between student behavior and psychological states, highlighting the shortcomings in data processing and model construction in existing studies. Addressing these shortcomings, this study proposes a student learning behavior detection scheme based on the lightweight neural network shufflenetV2 and validates through empirical study the positive influence of a constructive psychological atmosphere on student learning behavior. The results show that utilizing a lightweight network model can effectively identify patterns in student learning behavior and, to some extent, predict the students’ psychological states. Furthermore, a positive psychological atmosphere indeed enhances students’ learning motivation and behavior. The methods and findings of this study hold significant theoretical and practical implications for advancing personalized and intelligent education.

To assess the effect of food taxes and subsidies on diet, body weight and health through a systematic review of the literature. We searched the English-language published and grey literature for empirical and modelling studies on the effects of monetary subsidies or taxes levied on specific food products on consumption habits, body weight and chronic conditions. Empirical studies were dealing with an actual tax, while modelling studies predicted outcomes based on a hypothetical tax or subsidy. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria: 13 were from the peer-reviewed literature and 11 were published on line. There were 8 empirical and 16 modelling studies. Nine studies assessed the impact of taxes on food consumption only, 5 on consumption and body weight, 4 on consumption and disease and 6 on body weight only. In general, taxes and subsidies influenced consumption in the desired direction, with larger taxes being associated with more significant changes in consumption, body weight and disease incidence. However, studies that focused on a single target food or nutrient may have overestimated the impact of taxes by failing to take into account shifts in consumption to other foods. The quality of the evidence was generally low. Almost all studies were conducted in high-income countries. Food taxes and subsidies have the potential to contribute to healthy consumption patterns at the population level. However, current evidence is generally of low quality and the empirical evaluation of existing taxes is a research priority, along with research into the effectiveness and differential impact of food taxes in developing countries.