Abstract
This article aims to verify the key factors behind the changes in small towns due to the spillover of the Klang-Langat Valley using Exploration Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approaches. This study is based on the responses of 355 stakeholders from Hulu Selangor, Selangor, selected via random sampling. Likert scale questionnaires ranging from 1 to 5 were used to obtain feedback. Overall, the questionnaire was reliable with an Alpha Cronbach value for each construct greater than 0.7. The obtained data were processed through EFA in order to group the constructs and items for the change factor of small towns. The CFA was undertaken in order to verify the accumulated constructs based on their respective groups. The findings reveal the creation of six constructs: access (5 items), environment (5 items), security (2 items), activity (4 items), neighbourhood (2 items) and infrastructure (2 items). It is thus hoped that the findings of this research can help in identifying factors behind the transformation of small town due to the spillover of the Klang-Langat Valley. Indeed, the transformation is driving both positive and negative impacts on both urban and rural areas through socioeconomic development and ultimately contributing to improved quality of life in line with contemporary globalisation.
Highlights
Urbanisation is an expanding phenomenon around the world
One such impact is the development of extended metropolitan regions (EMRs), which represents a process towards the formation of megacities
This article aims to verify the key factors behind the changes in small towns due to the spillover of the Klang-Langat Valley using Exploration Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approaches
Summary
Urbanisation is an expanding phenomenon around the world. It attracts the attention of urban geographers, planners and policymakers, because without proper planning and policy it may negatively affect the socioeconomic development of the population in a region or country. The rate of population growth in urban areas is higher and faster than the growth rate of the rural population: in the period 2000-2010, the average annual growth rate recorded was 2.17 percent in urban areas (Department of Statistics, Malaysia, 2014) This rate is directly contributing to the growth percentage rate of the major cities in Malaysia, especially the cities within the Klang Valley region such as Subang Jaya (5.1%), Petaling Jaya (3.6%), Shah Alam (3.5%) and Klang (2.8%) (Mohd Fadzil & Ishak, 2014). The suburbs of metropolitan areas as well as rural areas are placed under pressure and are eventually transformed into cities Small towns such as Nilai (Negeri Sembilan), Rawang and Dengkil (Selangor) are currently undergoing such changes (Abd Samad, Ahmad Fariz, & Shaharudin, 2006; Katiman, 2014)
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