Factors associated with mortality or survival of patients with tuberculosis: an integrative review

Abstract

Objective: To identify factors associated with mortality or survival of patients with isolated Tuberculosis (TB) or TB/HIV co-infection. Methods: A literature review was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Health Virtual Library, and SciELO sing the following search terms: “Survival” OR “Mortality” AND “Epidemiological factors” OR “Epidemiological determinants” OR “Associated factors.” Recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes methodology were used. Results: The factors associated with mortality or reduced survival were male sex, age >30 years in TB/HIV co-infection cases, advanced age in isolated TB cases, low schooling or up to 8 years of schooling, unemployment, TB/HIV co-infection, recent diagnosis of HIV, CD4 <50 cells, other immunosuppressive diseases, diabetes, renal disease, smoking, alcoholism, weight loss, and recently treatment started. Final considerations: Factors associated with TB mortality or survival did not differ from those associated with TB morbidity. However, excluding TB/HIV co-infection, the socioeconomic factors are evidenced.