Factors affecting the outcomes of in vitro fertilization in women with endometriosis: Preliminary data from Vietnam

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients with endometriosis and identify related factors that may influence treatment outcomes. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted between November 2018 and November 2022. The study group comprised individuals who were diagnosed with endometriosis (endometrioma and/or adenomyosis) indicated for in vitro fertilization. The control group (129 patients with 249 cycles), which included patients without endometriosis and had an equivalent mean age as the study group patients. Results: In the endometriosis group, the quantities of retrieved oocytes and Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) were reduced compared to the control group. The overall dose of gonadotropin and the duration of ovarian stimulation were significantly higher than the control group. The endometriosis group exhibited a Metaphase II (MII) oocyte rate of 82.3% and an oocyte fertilization rate of 82.2%. However, in patients with endometriosis, the rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy were significantly lower than in patients without endometriosis. Besides, the clinical pregnancy rate of women with endometriosis was remarkably higher in the groups with maternal age ⩽35 years, a ratio of Follicle-stimulating Hormone to Luteinizing Hormone (FSH/LH) ⩽1.5, and over 10 retrieved oocytes. Conclusion: Endometriosis was associated with a decreased rate of implantation, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy after in vitro fertilization treatment compared with patients without endometriosis. In vitro fertilization outcomes in patients with endometriosis were influenced by maternal age ⩽35 years, FSH/LH ratio ⩽1.5, and number of retrieved oocytes over 10.