Abstract
Despite the frequent attacks of Nomad tribes of the northern plains, the demographic composition of Transoxiana had remained Iranian in ancient era; nevertheless, after Muslim Arabs prevalence until the Mongol invasion, the demographic composition of this area completely changed under the influence of different factors. In addition to identifying the demographic composition of Transoxiana in the first Islamic centuries, this study is intended to introduce the factors affecting the transformation of the demographic change of this area. This study shows that in the Early Islamic centuries, the political structure and ethnic-racial of Transoxiana changed under the influence of different factors as Arab Conquests, Geographical Location of Transoxiana, Refuge of the opponents of caliphs, Commerce, Ghaza, The Religious Importance and Prosperity of Scientific Schools, Political Centralization in the Region by the Samanids, conversion of Turk Nomads to Islam, Migration of Turk Tribes to the region and Migration of that Inhabitants.
Highlights
In each of the human societies, like many other social characteristics, demographic composition is changed and transformed over time
Despite the frequent attacks of Nomad tribes of the northern plains, the demographic composition of Transoxiana had remained Iranian in ancient era; after Muslim Arabs prevalence until the Mongol invasion, the demographic composition of this area completely changed under the influence of different factors
This study shows that in the Early Islamic centuries, the political structure and ethnic-racial of Transoxiana changed under the influence of different factors as Arab Conquests, Geographical Location of Transoxiana, Refuge of the opponents of caliphs, Commerce, Ghaza, The Religious Importance and Prosperity of Scientific Schools, Political Centralization in the Region by the Samanids, conversion of Turk Nomads to Islam, Migration of Turk Tribes to the region and Migration of that Inhabitants
Summary
In each of the human societies, like many other social characteristics, demographic composition is changed and transformed over time. With locating in the major trade routes of Asia, in addition to benefitting from the possibility of commercial and industry development, this area was exposed to the passage of groups and individuals of different societies; there was a continuous change in its demographic texture The process of this transformation of ethnic groups in Transoxiana became more intense over the first Islamic centuries; so that in the early Islamic centuries and under the influence of various factors such as distance of the area from the caliphate center, the commercial importance of the region, growth and prosperity of Ghaza operations, prosperity of religious sciences schools in the area, and Islamism of Turks living in the Northern Plains on the Yaxartes, the context of transformation in the fully Iranian ethnic texture and demographic composition of this region was provided
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