Abstract
Novel thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAEs) consisting of long-chain semicrystalline polyamide 1212 (PA1212) and amorphous polyetheramine were synthesized via one-pot melt polycondensation. The method provides accessible routes to prepare TPAEs with a high tolerance of compatibility between polyamide and polyether oligomers compared with the traditional two-step method. These TPAEs with 10 wt % to 76 wt % of soft content were obtained by reaction of dodecanedioic acid, 1,12-dodecanediamine, and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) diamine. The structure–property relationships of TPAEs were systematically studied. The chemical structure and the morphologic analyses have revealed that microphase separation occurs in the amorphous region. The TPAEs that have long-chain PPG segments consist of a crystalline polyamide domain, amorphous polyamide-rich domain, and amorphous polyetheramine-rich domain, while the ones containing short-chain PPG segments comprise of a crystalline polyamide domain and miscible amorphous polyamide phase and amorphous polyetheramine phase due to the compatibility between short-chain polyetheramine and amorphous polyamide. These novel TPAEs show good damping performance at low temperature, especially the TPAEs that incorporated 76 wt % and 62 wt % of PPG diamine. The TPAEs exhibit high elastic properties and low residual strain at room temperature. They are lightweight with density between 1.01 and 1.03 g/cm3. The long-chain TPAEs have well-balanced properties of low density, high elastic return, and high shock-absorbing ability. This work provides a route to expand TPAEs to damping materials with special application for sports equipment used in extremely cold conditions such as ski boots.
Highlights
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are usually multiblock segmented copolymers consisting of thermodynamic incompatible hard blocks and soft blocks, normally leading to a microphase separated structure
The molar amount of Dodecanedioic acid (DA) is equal to the sum of DN and PPG diamine to maintain the stoichiometric balance of functional groups
Novel thermoplastic polyamide elastomers (TPAEs) consisting of long-chain semicrystalline polyamide 1212 (PA1212) (C12) as the hard segment and amorphous diamine terminated PPG (C3) as the soft segment were successfully synthesized via one-pot melt polycondensation
Summary
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are usually multiblock segmented copolymers consisting of thermodynamic incompatible hard blocks and soft blocks, normally leading to a microphase separated structure. Considering the condensation of hydroxyl or amino groups with carboxyl groups, PPG diamine (trade name Jeffamine D) is an alternative C3 building block It is a non-crystalline aliphatic polyetheramine with low viscosity and low tendency to form a hydrogen bond, which is generally used as a gasoline additive, curing agents of epoxy resins [25,26], unit of epoxy-imine vitrimer [27], precursor of main-chain polybenzoxazines resin [28], or soft segments of Pus [29], providing high toughness, thermal stability, or flexibility. The TPAEs were prepared directly from monomers of PA1212 and PPG diamine This procedure is feasible with the advantages of low starting viscosity, ease of stoichiometric balance of acid and amine groups, and high tolerance of compatibility between polyamide and polyether compared with the two-step method. Where ηsp is specific viscosity, ηr is relative viscosity, and c is the TPAE concentration (g·dL−1)
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