Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQD) with fascinating properties has gradually become a rising star as a new nanocarbon member due to its nonthreatening, abundant and inexpensive nature. This study reports on a facile preparation of fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQD) from iota Carrageenan. CQD from iota Carrageenan was produced by hydrothermal method with a quantum yield (QY) of 16 to 20%. Doping the CQD with nitrogen by the addition of tetraethylene pentamine (TEPE) produced CQD with a QY of 77%. FTIR data confirmed the formation of hydroxyl, carboxylic and carbonyl functional groups as confirmed by the ToFSIMS data due to the presence of nitrogen bonds on the N-CQD produced with TEPE. The CQD and N-CQD produced are crystalline with graphitic structures because of the presence of sp2 graphitic d line spacing with the sizes ranging from 2 to 10nm. To examine the feasibility of using the CQD as nanoprobe in practical applications, labelling and detection of E.coli was performed. The E.coli fluoresced proving CQD as an effective probe in bio imaging application. This study has successfully demonstrated a facile approach of producing CQD with significant high quantum yields to fluorescent CQD for bio imaging applications.
Highlights
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a new class of ‘zerodimensional’ nanomaterials in the carbon family with sizes below 10nm
The CQD produced was crystalline with graphitic structures because of the presence of sp[2] graphitic d line spacing with the sizes ranging from 2 to 10nm
It was proven that doping the CQD with nitrogen by the addition of tetraethylene pentamine (TEPE) produced N-CQD with a quantum yield (QY) of 77%
Summary
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a new class of ‘zerodimensional’ nanomaterials in the carbon family with sizes below 10nm They were first discovered during refinement of single-walled carbon nanotubes by preparative electrophoresis in 2004 and via laser ablation of graphitic powder and cement in 2006. Carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) have gradually become a rising star as a new nanocarbon member because of its fascinating properties comparable to semiconductor quantum dots (Baker & Baker, 2010) These CQDs could be produced using carbon materials such as graphite, graphite oxide, nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon, and carbon soot with different methods of synthesis such as laser ablation, electrochemical oxidation and arc discharge CQDs (Haitao, Zhenhui, Yang, & Shuit-Tong, 2012).
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