Facile synthesis of hierarchical porous Li2FeSiO4/C as highly stable cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Lithium iron silicate has caught tremendous attentions as an appealing cathode for future lithium-ion batteries due to high capacity, low cost, and environmental friendliness, and its drawback of extremely low conductivity can be overcome efficiently through nanoarchitecture building. However, the construction of nanostructures always involves with expensive surfactants and complicated synthetic processes, which restrict these methods from large-scale production. In this paper, we develop a simple synthetic route to prepare hierarchical porous Li2FeSiO4/C. XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman, and N2 adsorption-desorption are employed to investigate its physical properties. Electrochemical tests reveal that the composite delivers a high specific capacity of 243.5 mAh g−1, superior rate capability, and excellent cycling performance with capacity retention of 95.2% after 200 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance should be attributed to the unique structure in which hierarchical pores provides fast transport channels for lithium ions and interconnected carbon coating builds up conductive networks to enhance the conductivity of Li2FeSiO4. In addition, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, ex situ SEM, and TEM are conducted to demonstrate its structural stability upon long-term cycling. In addition, the route described in this work is facile, cheap, and easily scaled-up, which allows for extension to the fabrication of other energy storage materials.