Abstract
The Paymogo Volcano-Sedimentary Alignment (PVSA) is an essentially igneous sequence associated with VHMS deposits of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Unlike other areas of this mining district, where mafic igneous rocks are abundant, in the PVSA these are essentially felsic. Two facies associations have been distinguished based on petrographic and chemical features: a lower dacite facies association and an upper rhyolite facies association. The main ore horizons appear related to volcanic breccias of the rhyolite facies association. A detailed petrographic study of these breccias suggests they are resedimented hyaloclastite deposits. The analysis of volcanic facies indicates that the volcanism developed at water depths deeper than 500 m, consistent with the minimum depth at which VHMS deposits can form. We conclude that detailed volcanological studies provide effective constraints to palaeoenvironmental interpretations, which are relevant in assessing regional stratigraphy and area selection for VHMS exploration.
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