Abstract
Craniofacial reconstruction often represents a final step in medico-legal identification and is dependent on facial tissue thickness measurements and feature shape estimation. This study’s aim is to create a reliable and readily reproductible method of predicting the maximum nose width (MNW) based on the maximum nasal aperture width (MAW) for a Romanian adult population. A sample of 55 computer tomography (CT) scans consisting of Romanian adult subjects was selected from the database of a neurosurgery hospital. The craniometrics measured consisted of a first measure of MAW and second one of the MNW using 3D systems Freeform Modelling Plus Software. Correlation analysis indicated a moderate link between the MAW and the MNW. Regression analysis showed that MAW and sex form a statistically significant regression pattern (R2 = 0.340, SEE (Standard Error of Estimate) = 3.801). The preliminary results obtained provide reliable predictions of MNW for facial reconstruction based on MAW measured on the skull.
Highlights
IntroductionHuman identification is one of the essential elements of forensic practice and investigation
Human identification is one of the essential elements of forensic practice and investigation.This is optimally achieved through a close collaboration between forensic medicine, anthropology, and the judicial process; this collaboration needs to be materialized in laboratory methods as well as in investigative methods
The research is based on a retrospective study of 55 computer tomography (CT) images of the skull performed on living people aged 27–89 years (M = 60.95), SD = 16.53), of which 24 were females
Summary
Human identification is one of the essential elements of forensic practice and investigation. This is optimally achieved through a close collaboration between forensic medicine, anthropology, and the judicial process; this collaboration needs to be materialized in laboratory methods (forensic, anthropological, genetic, craniofacial reconstruction) as well as in investigative methods (crime scene research, reconstitution, fingerprint, identification of personal objects, etc.). Human identification uses anthropological and laboratory methods in order to establish the identity of human remains, one of which is the reconstruction of the facial aspect from the skull. In forensic practice, the skull helps perform several roles: establishing the subject’s identity, reflecting the age of the subject, indicating sex as well as facial appearances [1]. In the facial reconstruction theory, all faces are unique, and the shape variation of the face is directly related to skeletal structure [2,3,4,5]
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