Abstract
In this study, a novel chloride ion (Cl−) sensor based on Ag wire coated with an AgCl layer was fabricated using a gel-type internal electrolyte and a diatomite ceramic membrane, which played an important role in preventing electrolyte leakage from the ion-selective electrode. The sensing performance, including reversibility, response, recovery time, low detection limit, and the long-term stability, was systemically investigated in electrolytes with different Cl− contents. The as-fabricated Cl− sensor could detect Cl− from 1 to 500 mM KCl solution with good linearity. The best response and recovery time obtained for the optimized sensor were 0.5 and 0.1 s, respectively, for 10 mM KCl solution. An exposure period of over 60 days was used to evaluate the stability of the Cl− sensor in KCl solution. A relative error of 2% was observed between the initial and final response potentials. Further, a wireless sensing system based on Arduino was also investigated to measure the response potential of Cl− in an electrolyte. The sensor exhibited high reliability with a low standard error of measurement. This type of sensor is crucial for fabricating wireless Cl− sensors for applications in reinforced concrete structures along with favorable performances.
Highlights
Reinforced concrete (RC) plays a critical role in the construction industry, especially in the construction of buildings, bridges, and port facilities, because it has higher tensile and compressive strengths than other building materials (Javadian et al, 2020)
The results reveal that the viscosity of each electrolyte increases upon the addition of HEC, and a maximum value is obtained at 8 wt.% HEC
The small particle size of diatomite ceramic membrane (DCM) with a dense structure can minimize the leakage of internal electrolyte from the electrode, which can lead to the stability of the electrode in RC structures
Summary
Reinforced concrete (RC) plays a critical role in the construction industry, especially in the construction of buildings, bridges, and port facilities, because it has higher tensile and compressive strengths than other building materials (Javadian et al, 2020). Steel is the most commonly used reinforcement material for RC structures because it has high tensile strength. Steel reinforcements undergo corrosion because of chloride ions (Cl−), which is a main cause of the failure of RC structures (Imounga et al, 2020). These ions promote the breakdown of the protective passive layer by decreasing the pH of the pore water, leading to the formation of corrosion pits in metals (Li et al, 2017). Cl− monitoring in RC structures is a key strategy to prevent the corrosion of reinforced steel. The current techniques for determining the local Cl− content in
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