Fabrication, physicochemical characterization and preliminary efficacy evaluation of a W/O/W multiple emulsion loaded with 5% green tea extract

Tariq Mahmood,Naveed Akhtar,Haji M Shoaib Khan,Barkat Ali Khan,Akhtar Rasul

doi:10.1590/s1984-82502013000200016

Tariq Mahmood, Naveed Akhtar + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502013000200016

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Abstract

Complex multiple emulsions have an excellent ability to fill large volumes of functional cosmetic agents. This study was aimed to encapsulate large volume of green tea in classical multiple emulsion and to compare its stability with a multiple emulsion without green tea extract. Multiple emulsions were developed using Cetyl dimethicone copolyol as lipophilic emulsifier and classic polysorbate-80 as hydrophilic emulsifier. Multiple emulsions were evaluated for various physicochemical aspects like conductivity, pH, microscopic analysis, rheology and these characteristics were followed for a period of 30 days in different storage conditions. In vitro and in vivo skin protection tests were also performed for both kinds of multiple emulsions i.e. with active (MeA) and without active (MeB). Both formulations showed comparable characteristics regarding various physicochemical characteristics in different storage conditions. Rheological analysis showed that formulations showed pseudo plastic behavior upon continuous shear stress. Results of in vitro and in vivo skin protection data have revealed that the active formulation has comparable skin protection effects to that of control formulation. It was presumed that stable multiple emulsions could be a promising choice for topical application of green tea but multiple emulsions presented in this study need improvement in the formula, concluded on the basis of pH, conductivity and apparent viscosity data.

Highlights

MATERIAL AND METHODSSince ancient times, natural extracts from animal, botanical or mineral origin have been used as “active ingredients” of drugs or cosmetics. (Elsner, Maibach, 2000)
multiple emulsions i.e. with active (MeA) was yellowish green while MeB was white in color as no green tea extract was present in it
PH Analysis pH results revealed that no obvious chemical degradation occurred in any of the samples of MeA and MeB, kept in different storage conditions

Summary

Introduction

MATERIAL AND METHODSSince ancient times, natural extracts from animal, botanical or mineral origin have been used as “active ingredients” of drugs or cosmetics. (Elsner, Maibach, 2000). Herbal extracts have been used by cosmetic science in order to beautify and maintain the physiological balance of the human skin. Emulsified systems and double emulsions water in oil in water emulsion (W/O/W) are known to be thermodynamically instable (Benna-Zayani et al, 2008). Both types of emulsions i.e., W/O and O/W exist simultaneously. They combine the properties of both W/O and O/W emulsions. These have been described as heterogeneous system of one immiscible liquid dispersed in another liquid in the form of fine droplets which have diameter greater than 1 micron. The main advantages of (W/O/W) multiple emulsions are the protection of entrapped substances, their capacity to incorporate several actives in the different emulsion compartments, and their sustained release effects (Akhtar et al, 2008; Morais et al, 2008; Akhtar, Yazan, 2005)

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