Fabrication of ternary Co3O4@β-Bi2O3@g-C3N4 nanosorbent for efficacy Basic Fuchsin (BF) dye decontamination

Abstract

To establish environmental sustainability, eliminating organic dye contaminants has garnered worldwide concern. In this work, a layered material designated Co3O4@β-Bi2O3@g-C3N4 (CoBCN) was prepared and used as a new adsorbent to remove Basic Fuchsin (BF) from water. FTIR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterized the CoBCN nanocomposite. BF dye quantity before and after adsorbed was measured using a UV–vis spectrophotometer. The presence of Co3O4 and Bi2O3 phases enhanced the nanocomposite’s crystallinity, as evidenced by the typical high-intensity peaks in the range of 10° to 60° that were seen in the XRD analysis of the material. Microscopical investigation (EDX) demonstrated that a homogeneous nanocomposite was fabricated. The findings showed a correlation between variations in solution pH, dose of the nanocomposite, starting concentration, and reaction time with the efficacy of removing BF dye. The BF sorption followed the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with a maximum adsorption capacity of 513.24 mg/g, according to the adsorption equilibrium isotherm, which was evaluated at room temperature using a 25–300 mg/L concentration. The model that fit the experimental data the best was a pseudo-first-order kinetic one. According to its adsorption efficiency, the CoBCN nanosorbent presents opportunities for more study and practical use in improving wastewater-containing dyes.