Abstract
Numerous adsorbents have been reported for the removal of bilirubin, which is a well-known endogenous toxin. Three-dimensional graphene sponges and aerogels have been fully studied in the adsorption field but little in hemoperfusion especially for bilirubin adsorption. In this study, macroporous reduced graphene oxide (GO) aerogels were fabricated by a chemical reduction method. Besides, chitosan was introduced in the aerogels during the reduction process to improve their mechanical properties. The graphene oxide composite aerogels reinforced with chitosan (rGO/CS) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Furthermore, the mechanical properties test showed the reinforced mechanical strength of the rGO/CS aerogels. The adsorption performance of the aerogels for bilirubin was studied in detail, showing a high adsorption capacity (458.9 mg g−1) and a fast adsorption rate. Moreover, the low hemolysis ratio and negligible anticoagulant activity of rGO/CS aerogels suggested good blood compatibility. The mesoporous structure of the aerogels can provide good mechanical strength, and the macroporous structure of the rGO/CS aerogels shows a good adsorption capacity, which would have potential applications in bilirubin adsorption.
Highlights
Bilirubin (Fig. 1(a)), one of the breakdown products of red blood cell degradation,[1] is a typical toxin in the blood.[2]
The resulting mixture was kept under 60 C for 6 hours to get the rGO/CSn hydrogels, which were further washed with distilled water to remove excessive acid
Compared with the rGO/CSn samples were 15.06 (rGO/CS0), the addition of chitosan resulted in a signi cant reduction of the density
Summary
Bilirubin (Fig. 1(a)), one of the breakdown products of red blood cell degradation,[1] is a typical toxin in the blood.[2]. The preparation of mesoporous graphene aerogels by graphene oxide (GO, see Fig. 1(b))[17,18] can be realized by the strong reductant and hydrothermal method.[19,20] In addition, 3D porous graphene composites have showed some new properties, such as high
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