Fabrication of compound-processed titanium surface and its effect of on osteoblast growth

Abstract

Objective To process the titanium surface via sand-blasting,acid-etching and alkali-heating and investigate its effect on biological behavior of the osteoblasts.Methods The osteoblasts from SD rats in vitro were cultured in vitro on smooth titanium surface (control group),sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium surface (SLA group),and SLA plus alkali-heated (AH) titanium surface (SLA-AH group) respectively.Adhesion ability,proliferation and morphological changes of osteoblasts on titanium surface were observed respectively by cells counting,cell proliferation assay and scanning electron microscope.Levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP),osteocalcin,type Ⅰ collagen,and core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfαl) mRNA on titanium surface were compared among groups by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results After 1,2,and 4 hours of co-culture,early-stage adhesion of osteoblasts in SLA-AH group was more than that in other two groups (F =5.635,28.621,124.037,P ＜ 0.05).In adhesion assay,the decreased absorbance value was observed in SLA and SLA-AH groups at day 7 compared with control group (F =12.682,P ＜ 0.05).Scanning electron microscopy showed oste oblasts in SLA-AH group presented better typical morphological characteristics,more stretch,and more lamellipodia and filopodia than other two groups.qRT-PCR results showed levels of ALP and Cbfa1 in SLA-AH group were higher than those in SLA group and control group at day 7,but lower than those in control group at day 14 and that levels of osteocalcin and collagen Ⅰ in SLA-AH group were higher than those in SLA and control groups at day 14.Conclusion SLA-AH-processed titanium surface enhances the attachment and differentiation of the rat osteoblasts,but fails to promote the proliferation of the osteoblasts. Key words: Titanium; Osteoblasts; Cell proliferation