Abstract
AbstractFunctional biomaterials that are capable of effectively carrying therapeutic agents and specifically delivering therapeutics to pathological sites have been widely investigated over decades. Recently, cellular carriers and cell derivative-based bio-hybrid delivery systems have drawn extensive attention as a promising branch of therapeutic delivery systems, owing to their low immunogenicity and intriguing biomimetic capabilities. Various approaches for the fabrication of these biomimetic carriers have been developed, and some products have already been commercialized as well. In this review, we summarized various processing methods for engineering cell-derived biomimetic drug delivery systems, and discussed their future outlooks.
Highlights
Efficient delivery of active agents to pathological sites by carrier materials is of central importance for the improvement of therapeutic outcomes
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons these excitements, using living cells as the drug delivery system suffers from a number of inherent limitations, such as sophisticated drug loading, difficult modification and handling, short ex vivo shelf-life as well as unknown fate in vivo
We mainly focus on the diverse fabrication approaches of biomimetic cellular carriers, and preparation of cell derivative-based bio-hybrid delivery systems
Summary
Efficient delivery of active agents to pathological sites by carrier materials is of central importance for the improvement of therapeutic outcomes. Instead of using endogenous cells directly, cellular membranes, or cell-secreted vesicles like exosomes or outer membrane vesicles, have been recently described as another biomimetic class of delivery carriers towards different biomedical applications [29, 33, 126] Both mammalian cells or bacteria-derived vesicles and membrane cloaked particles, have been brought up recently to make the full use of natural properties of cell membrane and/or its components [95, 130, 153]. Though they are non-replicative, endogenous cell-derived drug carriers make full use of endogenous components, mostly membrane proteins, to evade immune clearance, or to achieve specific targeting These cell-derived synthetic delivery carriers that are partially composed of non-living cellular components are able to mimic certain function of the native cells in the drug delivery process. We mainly focus on the diverse fabrication approaches of biomimetic cellular carriers, and preparation of cell derivative-based bio-hybrid delivery systems
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