Abstract
In this work, we fabricated bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) using electrospray deposition (ESD) with two different device configurations. ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT: PCBM/Ca/Al and ITO/ZnO and TiO2/P3HT: PCBM/MoO3/Ag, termed as direct and inverted OSCs, respectively. In ZnO/ TiO2 -based inverted solar cells, ZnO/ TiO2 films were synthesized by sol-gel process and deposited on ITO deposited glass substrates using the spin-coating technique. P3HT/PCBM blend layers were deposited by using electrospray deposition (ESD). To observe the thermal effects on the device efficiencies, the devices were annealed at different temperatures (up to 140 °C). The cell’s performance parameters were compared at an annealing temperature of 120 °C. Comparing the performance parameters of both types of OSCs at an annealing temperature of 120 °C, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) the 1.62% is found for direct-structured OSC while 1.57% and 1.0% for ZnO/ TiO2-based inverted structures, respectively. Interestingly, the enhanced device performance parameters were obtained with oxides-based OSCs. Compared to ZnO-based inverted OSC, the TiO2-based inverted OSC has lower efficiency which might be due to the highly resistive surface of TiO2 with deep-level traps. These traps can be reduced by light soaking to achieve the optimal power conversion efficiency.
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