Fabrication of Al6061/Ti3AlC2 MAX phase surface composite by friction stir processing and investigation of wear properties

Abstract

Aluminium 6061 has a widespread applications in the automotive and aerospace sectors. However, because of its poor tribological properties, its life is limited. In this investigation, a surface composite of Ti3AlC2 and Al 6061 alloy was prepared using friction stir processing and its effects have been studied. The examination of microstructure of the fabricated samples were studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The microstructural analysis revealed reduction in grain size within both the base metal FSPed and aluminium- Ti3AlC2 composites. The area mapping showed uniform dispersion of Ti3AlC2 particles within the friction stir processed zone. The microstructure refinement lead to increase in the microhardness. The average microhardness of the base metal was 65 HV0.2 and that of base metal FSPed and Al- Ti3AlC2 were 85 HV0.2 and 135 HV0.2. The grain refinement and uniform distribution of particles were found responsible for the improvement in wear properties. It was observed that the wear resistance improvement of more than 100% in comparison to the parent metal. The predominant wear mechanism, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy micrographs, was abrasive wear with varying degrees and features.