Abstract
Compared with traditional phase-shifting metasurface design methods, computer-aided optimization has attracted significant interest due to its advantages of high efficiency and a wide modulation range, resulting in the ability to generate various random-shaped meta-atoms to maximize their phase modulation capabilities. However, these meta-atoms often have sharp boundaries, chamfers, microscopic particles, and small holes, which are unsuitable for micro-/nano-fabrication. We propose a method to generate 2D meta-balls, which can generate random-shaped meta-atoms with smooth boundaries free of small particles or holes and suitable for micro-/nano-fabrication. This method can easily control the characteristics of generated shapes, such as boundary continuity and symmetry. It is simple, straightforward, and time-saving, and it helps in computer-aided optimization phase-shifting metasurfaces design.
Highlights
Compared with traditional phase-shifting metasurface design methods, computer-aided optimization has attracted significant interest due to its advantages of high efficiency and a wide modulation range, resulting in the ability to generate various random-shaped meta-atoms to maximize their phase modulation capabilities
The generated shapes are random and boundarysmooth with controllable characteristics, such as boundary continuity and symmetry, which facilitates the design of polarization-independent metasurfaces
Research has demonstrated various optical devices based on computer-aided optimization, such as wavelength demultiplexer[15], particle accelerator[16], achromatic metalenses[17,18], and etc
Summary
Compared with traditional phase-shifting metasurface design methods, computer-aided optimization has attracted significant interest due to its advantages of high efficiency and a wide modulation range, resulting in the ability to generate various random-shaped meta-atoms to maximize their phase modulation capabilities. These meta-atoms often have sharp boundaries, chamfers, microscopic particles, and small holes, which are unsuitable for micro-/nano-fabrication. We propose a method to generate 2D meta-balls, which can generate random-shaped meta-atoms with smooth boundaries free of small particles or holes and suitable for micro-/nanofabrication This method can control the characteristics of generated shapes, such as boundary continuity and symmetry. The generated shapes are random and boundarysmooth with controllable characteristics, such as boundary continuity and symmetry, which facilitates the design of polarization-independent metasurfaces
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