Abstract
Objective: The study aims for the fabrication, evaluation of drug loading capability and characterization of 3D-nano-cellulose network materials produced by bacteria of fermented aqueous green tea extract in selected culture media.
 Methods: 3D-nano-cellulose network (3DNC) materials can be produced by bacteria living in a fermented aqueous green tea extract. 3DNCs include nano-fibers forming networks, which are capable of drug loading to form a prolonged release therapy to improve drug bioavailability. In this study, 3DNC materials are biosynthesized by aerobic bacteria in the standard medium (SM), coconut water (CW) and rice water (RW). 3DNCs were prepared and evaluated for drug carrier using famotidine as a model drug. Famotidine was loaded in 3DNC by the absorption method. 3DNCs were characterized by using FE-SEM and FTIR spectroscopy.
 Results: The 3DNCs obtained from CW, and RW have the same characteristics as the 3DNC obtained from the SM, and 3DNCs can be fabricated with the desired thickness and diameter in all three types of culture media. 3DNCs absorbed famotidine in optimum condition without any difference in famotidine loading (28.2 mg) and famotidine entrapment efficiency (90 %). Investigation of the 3DNC structure using FE-SEM has shown that the cellulose fibers of 3DNC-SM and 3DNC-CW have a stable structure without structural change when loading drug under optimal condition.
 Conclusion: The results indicate the potential for using 3DNC-SM and 3DNC-CW to design the drug delivery system.
Highlights
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most widely consumed beverages around the world
The 3D-nano-cellulose network material (3DNC) with a diameter of 1.5 cm and a thickness of 1 cm are produced by Acetobacter bacteria in the culture media (SM, coconut water (CW), rice water (RW)) from 7 to 14 d [11, 20, 21]
This study has reported successful fabrication of 3DNCs by Acetobacter bacteria living in the fermented aqueous green tea extract from selected culture media and their characterization after absorbing with famotidine. 3DNC-CW and 3DNC-RW have the same characteristics as the 3DNC-standard medium (SM), and 3DNCs can be fabricated with the desired thickness and diameter in selected culture media
Summary
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most widely consumed beverages around the world. The use of 3DNC of coconut jelly (made from coconut juice after the fermentation of bacteria Acetobacter xylinum) in the coating for Paracetamol by spraying technique was reported [1]. Their results indicated that the 3DNC membranes were able to increase releasing time of the drug and improve the efficiency of drug users. The recent research indicated that famotidine could be successfully delivered to provide night-time relief of gastric acidity by formulating floating pulsatile drug delivery system [6]. Our research aims to fabricate and evaluate the properties as drug carriers of the 3DNCs produced by Acetobacter bacteria from fermented aqueous green tea extract in selected culture media
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