Abstract
Objective To fabricate porous calcium silicate(CS) scaffolds with controlled architecture by rapid prototyping and to evaluate the characterization of scaffolds and cell proliferation and differen- tiation on the prepared scaffolds. Methods The porous calcium silicate scaffolds with controlled architecture was fabricated by indirect rapid prototyping (RP-CS) which has the combined advantages of indirect solid freeform fabrication and gel-casting. Compared with the porous tricalcium phosphate scaffolds fabricated with the same method (RP-TCP), the obtained RP-CS scaffolds were investigated by simulated body fluid (SBF) immersing test and in vitro incubation with bone marrow cells. Results An average compressive strength of 28 MPa for the RP-CS scaffold with the average total porosity of 71% was achieved. The scaffolds with mean channel diameter of about (555.82±29.77)μm have interconnected maeroporous architecture. The SBF test showed that hydroxyapatite could be found on the surface of RP-CS scaffold indicating its in vitro bioaetivity. The in vitro study showed that the rabbit bone marrow cells attached and proliferated on the surface of the RP-CS scaffolds. MTT tests demonstrated that the cell proliferation was significantly higher on RP-CS scaffolds than on RP-TCP scaffolds at 7 and 14 days (P〈0.05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of cells on RP-CS scaffolds were increased as compared to the control at 7 days (P〈0.05), indicating the capacity in promoting bone marrow cells differentiation into osteogenic ceils. Conclusion The obtained RP-CS scaffold in this study is biocompatible, and has promising future for bone tissue engineering. Key words: Silicates; Tissue engineering; Bone marrow cells; In vitro
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