Abstract
In the present work, we have successfully prepared and characterized novel nanocomposite material exhibiting temperature-dependent surface wettability changes, based on grafted brush coatings of non-fouling poly(di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) with the embedded CaCO3 nanoparticles. Grafted polymer brushes attached to the glass surface were prepared in a three-step process using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Subsequently, uniform CaCO3 nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in POEGMA-grafted brush coatings were synthesized using biomineralized precipitation from solutions of CaCl2 and Na2CO3. An impact of the low concentration of the embedded CaCO3 NPs on cell adhesion and growth depends strongly on the type of studied cell line: keratinocytes (HaCaT), melanoma (WM35) and osteoblastic (MC3T3-e1). Based on the temperature-responsive properties of grafted brush coatings and CaCO3 NPs acting as biologically active substrate, we hope that our research will lead to a new platform for tissue engineering with modified growth of the cells due to the release of biologically active substances from CaCO3 NPs and the ability to detach the cells in a controlled manner using temperature-induced changes of the brush.
Highlights
poly(di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA)-grafted brush coatings with embedded CaCO3 NPs is depicted in Scheme 1
Grafted temperature-responsive polymer brushes attached to the glass surface were prepared in a three-step process using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) polymerization
It should be stated that this procedure is effective significant as indicated by the Ca concentration of 1.88 ± 0.53% evaluated from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis for the POEGMA coatings with CaCO3
Summary
Injectable, self-gelling hydrogel–microparticle composites and hybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration [36] and capabilities of carrying biologically active molecules [37] have been developed in recent years These composites include calcium and magnesium carbonates, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, or their combinations [36,37,38]. In our previous works [49], Materials 2021, 14, 1417 we fabricated anti-fouling, temperature-responsive grafted polymer brush coatings with embedded silver nanoparticles for thermo-switchable biological activity and demonstrated that the impact of AgNPs in grafted brush coatings is highly cell dependent. Motivated by the extensive progress in research on materials containing CaCO3 for biomedical applications, in the present work, we have prepared and characterized temperature-responsive grafted brush coatings of poly(di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA). Cells were cultured on glass substrates modified with grafted POEGMA brush coatings and POEGMA brush coatings containing low concentrations of the embedded CaCO3 nanoparticles
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