Fabrication and evaluation of mechanical properties of polymer matrix composite using nano fibers as a reinforcement

Abstract

Plant base cellulose nanofibers with diameter 20–50 nm are obtained by Agave gigantea through the steam explosion method. These nanofibers used as a reinforcement to making composites at different percentages (10%, 15%, and 20%) with epoxy LY556 & hardener HY951 used as a matrix at a 10:1 ratio. Thermoset polymer is used as a matrix although it has a great strength-to-weight ratio, and performance, and good thermal properties. Preparation of composite used hand-lay-up method with random orientation of fibers, examining the mechanical properties of nanofiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites like tensile testing, impact testing, and hardness of the composites. The percentage of nanofibers has greatly influenced the mechanical properties of the material. The significant enhancement of mechanical characteristics was observed as the result of addition of nanofibers as a reinforcement in composites. Finding the percentage of absorption of moisture for the different samples at the same period and the rate of water absorption depend on the percentage of fiber used in the composite. It is directly proportional to the percentage of fibers and is the only the demerit when using plant base nanofiber as reinforcement.