Fabrication and characterization of porous Co–Cr–Mo/58S bioglass nano-composite by using NH4HCO3 as space-holder

Abstract

In the present study, Co–Cr–Mo/58S porous nano-composites were successfully fabricated by the use of space-holder and powder metallurgy techniques. The cold compacted Samples were heated at 175°C for 2h and then was raised to 1250°C and held for 2h. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM) images of porous samples showed interconnected, isolated pores and appropriate range of pore sizes. The results of compressive strength and Young's modulus were in the range of 33–566MPa and 0.19–4.46GPa, respectively. In particular, the compressive strength and Young's modulus at the porosity of 38.5% were found to be similar to those of bone. The SEM images, pH values and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that apatite crystallites were formed on the surface of sample with 38.5% porosity during immersion in simulated body fluid which revealed bioactivity of this sample. In vitro cytocompatibility of the sample with 38.5% porosity was evaluated and cell growth was examined. SEM images revealed that cells grew on the surface and inside the pores. The present investigation has shown that this porous nano-composite is a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering by virtue of its porous structure, appropriate mechanical properties, bioactivity and biocompatibility.