Abstract
Sand-milling machine was firstly utilized to crush and disperse the raw materials. A homogenous and well-dispersed mixture of TiO2 and BaCO3 (<30nm) was obtained. The solid state reaction temperature can be reduced by 200°C for nanosized reactants compared with coarse ones. In order to increase tetragonality of nanosized BaTiO3, an innovative two-step calcination method, which includes solid state reaction process between reactants at a low temperature T1 and phase transition process at a high temperature T2, was subsequently adopted. The microstructure evolution of BaTiO3 by two-step calcination was investigated as a function of T2 and corresponding dwelling time t2. Pure-perovskite BaTiO3 nanopowders with the mean particle size as small as 75nm and tetragonality (c/a ratio) higher than 1.0096 could be fabricated by two-step calcination through altering T2 and/or its dwelling time t2.
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