Abstract

Saccades are fast eye movements that bring the image of an object of interest onto the fovea. They consist of a hierarchy of rapid eye movements, from quick phases of vestibular and optokinetic nystagmus, to reflexive saccades, to higher-level volitional saccades. There are consistent relationships among saccade amplitude, peak velocity, and duration, which are referred to as main sequence relationships. Saccades are generated by cortical, subcortical, and brainstem circuits. The cerebellum regulates the size of saccades and participates in the repair of saccade inaccuracy. Careful examination of saccadic abnormalities can assist in localizing lesions in neurological patients.

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