Abstract
Extrafloral nectar has been demonstrated in many studies to promote a food for defense mutualism between the plants that secrete the nectar and ants. The removal of extrafloral nectar from many leaves of Terminalia catappa by a bird, the Japanese white-eye, was observed in the Bonin Islands. Some possible consequences of the loss of the extrafloral nectar (including nectar robbery, disruption of ant-based protection, and delayed protection by the bird) are discussed.
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