Extraction, Phytochemical Screening and HPTLC Analysis of Fenugreek Gum for Analysis of Different Phytoconstituents

Abstract

Fenugreek gum is a natural polysaccharide that has been explored for various biomedical applications. The present study investigated the phytoconstituent profile of fenugreek gum, revealing it as a potent source of diverse bioactive compounds. The analysis encompassed steroids, fats and oils, alkaloids, proteins, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, and carbohydrates. Extraction using methanol and aqueous solvents demonstrated the highest concentration of phytoconstituents, underscoring the efficacy of these solvents in isolating bioactive components from fenugreek. Further exploration involved the determination of Rf values and percentage area in chloroform, petroleum ether, and chloroform extracts, providing a comprehensive identification of the mixture’s components. The results suggested a rich and varied chemical composition in fenugreek gum, offering potential applications in diverse fields owing to the presence of steroids for physiological effects, fats and oils for nutritional benefits, alkaloids with potential pharmacological properties, proteins for cellular functions, saponins for their soap-like properties, and tannins and phenolics as antioxidants. Additionally, the presence of flavonoids and carbohydrates adds to its nutritional and medicinal value. The study’s findings contribute valuable insights into the phytochemical composition of fenugreek gum, shedding light on its potential applications in the realms of medicine, nutrition, and industry. The identification of optimal extraction methods and the characterization of phytoconstituents lay the foundation for future research and utilization of fenugreek gum as a versatile and valuable natural resource. Overall, this investigation underscores the significance of fenugreek gum as a rich repository of bioactive compounds with diverse potential applications across various domains.