Abstract
A successful metal ion extraction method was developed using cation exchange resin packed disposable micro pipette tip columns for the extraction of trace metal ions in human fluids. Using this method, concentrations of Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb ions in human urine were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The main objective of this study was to develop a technique to overcome spectral interferences in ICP analysis of trace elements in biological fluids mainly due to salts present in the samples. The amount of resins packed to the column, amount of eluent needed to extract trace elements, and particle size of the resin were examined to determine conditions for metal extraction. The validity of this technique was evaluated by calculating recoveries of trace element concentrations of above elements in certified standard urine samples and by using the technique for trace metal spiked urine samples. The results revealed that Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu and Mn had good recoveries (about 95%) while Ni & Co had about 80% recovery. It was also found that the recoveries of trace elements depended on the concentrations of relevant elements in the samples.Journal of the University of Ruhuna 2013 1(2): 23-30
Highlights
Determination of trace elements in human fluids such as urine and blood has attracted considerable attention and interest in medical and biological sciences (Lyengar, 1989; Versick and Cornelis, 1999; Haraguchi, 1999; and Kazumi and Haraguchi, 2000)
It is well known that Chelex-100 cation-exchange resin has been employed in extracting cations from salt media in environmental samples such as sea water (Pai et al, 1990.) and biological samples such as human fluid (Sun and Huang, 2003)
Pre-concentration of trace elements from environmental samples such as seawater, using chelex-100 resin has been reported in previous studies (Baffi et al, 1992) but the possibility of application of this technique for biological samples has not received much attention
Summary
Determination of trace elements in human fluids such as urine and blood has attracted considerable attention and interest in medical and biological sciences (Lyengar, 1989; Versick and Cornelis, 1999; Haraguchi, 1999; and Kazumi and Haraguchi, 2000). In order to overcome interference due to the presence of high chloride ion concentration in the sample and to pre-concentrate the metal ions, different types of chelating agents such as APDC (Ammonium Dithio Carbamate), FREON (Trichloro,Trifluoro-Ethane, C2Cl3F3) (Jorgelina et al, 2002 and Harald et al, 2005), and EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) have been used to extract trace metals from human blood. It is well known that Chelex-100 cation-exchange resin has been employed in extracting cations from salt media in environmental samples such as sea water (Pai et al, 1990.) and biological samples such as human fluid (Sun and Huang, 2003). Several problems still exist in the application of chelation resin to separate trace metals from real samples with a complex matrix. Trace metal separation from environmental or biological samples before instrumental analysis is not practically used yet
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