Abstract
AbstractCouroupita guianensis (Cannon ball tree) flowers and fruits are known to contain indigotin and indirubin. In this study an attempt is made to optimize the period for effective extraction of indigo from Couroupita guianensis fruit and application of the crude extract on the cotton fabric. Fermentation of the Couroupita guianensis fruit pulp for 5 days gave intense bluer pigment and hence was selected as the optimum period for fermentation. Major colouring components from Couroupita guianensis fruit extract were separated by thin layer chromatography using single solvent system, chloroform; which gives three pigments, violet, blue and pink with the Rf values of 0.88, 0.57, and 0.25 respectively. The Rf values, the wavelength of maximum absorption from UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum and 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrum of blue pigment matched with that of synthetic indigo standard and that of the pink pigment matched with reported values of indirubin which is an isomer of indigotin. The % purity of indigo dye was found to be 26.46%. Dyeing of cotton fabric was carried out with the crude dye powder which gave comparable fastness properties vis-a-vis synthetic indigo.
Highlights
In recent years, there has been a revival of the use of dyes and colours of natural origin for coloring food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and textile products
Indigo is a dye with a long history and because of the contemporary popularity of indigo dyed denim, it remains an important industrial product (Garcia-Macias and John 2004)
Throughout history, indigo was derived from various plants for example Dyer’s Woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) in Europe (Parmar et al 1996). It is obtained from plant materials such as Baphicacanthus cusia Brem., Indigofera suffruticosa Mill, Polygonum tinctorium Palette, Isatis indigotica Fort, Lonchocarpus cyanescence (Laitonjam and Wangkheirakpam 2011)
Summary
There has been a revival of the use of dyes and colours of natural origin for coloring food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and textile products. This increasing demand for the material of natural origin is because of the toxic nature of many of the synthetic dyes. Throughout history, indigo was derived from various plants for example Dyer’s Woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) in Europe (Parmar et al 1996) It is obtained from plant materials such as Baphicacanthus cusia Brem., Indigofera suffruticosa Mill, Polygonum tinctorium Palette, Isatis indigotica Fort, Lonchocarpus cyanescence (Laitonjam and Wangkheirakpam 2011). The indigo used in commercial dyeing of denim yarn is no longer of natural origin
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