Extraction of anthocyanin pigment from hibiscus sabdariffa l. by ultrasonic-assisted extraction

Abstract

Roselle flower contains various active compounds including organic acid, hydroxycitric acid, hibiscus acid, anthocyanin, flavonoids and polysaccharides The anthocyanin compounds in rosella flowers are the most important pigment of vascular plants, harmless and that make it interesting is a soluble pigment in water media Anthocyanin extract is one of the most successful natural sensitizers for solar cells, because this organic dye produces a high yield of photons to current conversion and is easy to obtain and cheap. Anthocyanins can be potential as sensitizers, because they range in the light spectrum from red to blue. The purpose of this study was to obtain anthocyanin pigments at the optimum extraction conditions from roselle flowers. The optimization of the method was carried out by analyzing the effect of ultrasonic wave frequency, process temperature, extraction time, and mass ratio of roselle flowers to the volume of distilled water on the anthocyanin concentration. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the anthocyanin extract of rosella flowers were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the optimal operating conditions for the extraction process were known at a temperature of 40 °C, a frequency of 24 kHz, a time of 5 minutes, and a ratio of 1: 25.