Extraction, Isolation and Neuropharmacological Potential of Phyllanthus acidus L.

Abstract

Because of their broad availability, low cost, low danger, and few side effects, medicinal herbs are vital in traditional medication all over the world. Traditional therapeutic herb Phyllanthus acidus L. is well-known for its calming possessions on the nervous system. Its roots are known for their activity against bacteria, inflammation, immunity stimulation, and erogenous properties, which contribute to potential health benefits. This study investigates the neuropharmacological effects of P. acidus L. in enhancing memory, targeting cognitive disorders and learning deficits. Analysis of the ethanolic extract’s phytochemistry of P. acidus L. revealed a rich composition of phytoconstituents. UV analysis and thin layer chromatography (TLC) bioassay demonstrated significant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition by the extract. TLC and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analyses of the extract indicated distinct and well-separated spots, suggesting the presence of active compounds. Additionally, the extract was assessed for its total phenolic, flavonoid, and ascorbic acid content, revealing antioxidant properties through ex-vivo lipid peroxidation assays. The study concludes that the ethanolic extract of P. acidus L. exhibits memory-enhancing, antidepressant, and neuroprotective effects attributed to its AChE inhibition, modulation of neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, and antioxidant activity. This suggests its potential utility in Alzheimer’s dementia treatment, though further research is necessary to elucidate pharmacology with mechanisms of action and applications