Abstract
Cultured meat production is an evolving method of producing animal meat using tissue engineering techniques. Cells, chemical factors, and suitable biomaterials that serve as scaffolds are all essential for the cultivation of muscle tissue. Scaffolding is essential for the development of organized meat products resembling steaks because it provides the mechanical stability needed by cells to attach, differentiate, and mature. In in vivo settings, extracellular matrix (ECM) ensures substrates and scaffolds are provided for cells. The ECM of skeletal muscle (SM) maintains tissue elasticity, creates adhesion points for cells, provides a three-dimensional (3D) environment, and regulates biological processes. Consequently, creating mimics of native ECM is a difficult task. Animal-derived polymers like collagen are often regarded as the gold standard for producing scaffolds with ECM-like properties. Animal-free scaffolds are being investigated as a potential source of stable, chemically defined, low-cost materials for cultured meat production. In this review, we explore the influence of ECM on myogenesis and its role as a scaffold and vital component to improve the efficacy of the culture media used to produce cultured meat.
Highlights
Demographic developments, economic gain, and urbanization have all contributed to an increase in global meat consumption and production
We review the use of extracellular matrix (ECM) components as scaffolding materials for cultured meat production with a focus on non-animal derived, biodegradable, and edible cost-effective biomaterials
We began work on bovine primary cells, which provide an environment similar to that found in vivo, to explore the functions of genes involved in muscle development
Summary
Demographic developments, economic gain, and urbanization have all contributed to an increase in global meat consumption and production. Cultured meat, which is called artificial meat, lab-grown meat, clean meat, cellbased meat, or in vitro meat, is a synthetic meat created in laboratories by cultivating muscle stem cells. Collagens are widely regarded as the benchmark by those creating ECM-like scaffolds They are expensive because they are derived primarily from animals, and, aside from being expensive, it is not practical to use animal ingredients for cultured meat production, since this would undermine the purpose of producing meat in this way [13]. We review the use of ECM components as scaffolding materials for cultured meat production with a focus on non-animal derived, biodegradable, and edible cost-effective biomaterials
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