Extending Network Lifetime by Balancing Energy Consumption to Avoid Energy Hole Problem in WSN

Abstract

In Wireless sensor network, for a hierarchical clustering the Cluster head near the sink will carry heavy traffic compared to other cluster heads present in the outermost level in the network. Due to this imbalance data communication, the cluster head near to sink will lose energy faster that leads to energy hole problem. In this paper, we propose an Energy Balancing Zone based Cluster Head (EBZCH) approach in which clustering area is divided into concentric rings called coronas. Each corona is further divided into equal zones called homogenous clusters. A mathematical model is designed to maintain homogenous clusters of same area by deriving a relationship between the width of the concentric rings and a mixed routing with proper data distribution strategy is used to balance the transmission energy of CHs. Simulation result demonstrates that the proposed scheme outperforms many existing schemes like direct transmission scheme, cluster head rotation schemes and multi hop transmission scheme