Extending femtosecond laser superfilamentation in air with a multifocal phase mask

Abstract

Laser filamentation is a spectacular phenomenon where the self-focusing of the laser pulse generates ionizing light channels. Many applications of filamentation, such as the laser lightning rod, require the generation of superfilaments, long plasma channels of higher electron density than normal filaments. Using a multifocal phase mask, we demonstrate an extension of the superfilamentation length of a focused terawatt laser beam. Optimized superfilaments show increased energy deposition compared to a normal gaussian beam and an extension of their length by at least a factor two. When put in contact with a high voltage electrode, the guiding of a single plasma column with a length of ∼1 m is observed. The length of an air waveguide generated by a vortex laser pulse is also increased by a factor 2 in the presence of the phase mask.