Abstract
The long-range dipole-dipole interaction can create delocalized states due to the exchange of excitation between Rydberg atoms. We show that even in a random gas many of the single-exciton eigenstates are surprisingly delocalized, composed of roughly one quarter of the participating atoms. We identify two different types of eigenstates: one which stems from strongly-interacting clusters, resulting in localized states, and one which extends over large delocalized networks of atoms. These two types of states can be excited and distinguished by appropriately tuned microwave pulses, and their relative contributions can be modified by the Rydberg blockade and the choice of microwave parameters.
Highlights
Assemblies of cold Rydberg atoms are ideally suited to investigate interactions in many-particle systems
A clear example of collective states of a random gas with N Rydberg atoms is given by the following scenario: we consider two Rydberg states per atom, denoted ↑ ≡ νs and ↓ ≡ νp, with energies ε↑ and ε↓
Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society
Summary
Assemblies of cold Rydberg atoms are ideally suited to investigate interactions in many-particle systems. Because of the clustering properties of a random gas and the energetic decoupling of strongly interacting clusters of atoms (dimers, trimers, etc.), one could surmise that the gas fragments into a hierarchy of clusters with corresponding eigenstates that remain small relative to the total gas size.
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