Expropriation in multicomponent eponym surgical instruments

Abstract

The article represents а general characteristic of proper names in multicomponent eponymic names of surgical instruments for general and special purpose that operate in Ukrainian language; their terminological status has been clarified, the description of extra linguistic factors that determine the creation, appearance and functioning of eponymic terms has been carried out; lexico-semantic and pragmatic features of eponymic terms have been characterized; thematic groups of analysed proper names in multicomponent eponyms and their productive derivational models have been singled out. With the development of medical sciences and technological progress new eponymical terms more often get into the sphere of professional use, in the base of which are the inventions, the creators of which are single scientists and whole scientific schools. There is a need for specialized reference books, dictionaries, the use of which considerably reduces the time of medical specialist for interpretation the eponymical term. Research questions of proper names in multicomponent eponyms continue to be urgent today. The research allows promoting cross-language coordination and ensuring comparability of medical terminological vocabulary, enriching the terminological system, exchanging the scientific information and improving the quality process in professional communication. The proper names composed of multicomponent eponyms are special names that respond the main signs of the term. 1. Eponymical terms of proper names represent complex of medical concepts and they are the part of the language of surgical medicine. They are the reflection of the development of medical knowledge and revealing of professional activities. 2. Among the eponymic terms, the most productive by the number of components is the word – formation model of "a noun in the nominative case + proper name in the genitive case." In multicomponent eponyms, proper name is a part of terminological unit and it specifies the kind of concept. 3. Proper names in multicomponent eponyms have synonymic rows. Being as the creating base, they may be framed in a semantic word family. 4. There may be paronymy in eponymic terms of surgical instruments, which leads to disorientation and confusion while using. 5. Proper names in the multicomponent eponymous of surgical instruments are divided according to the conceptual-thematic signs such as the "names of the instruments, devices" into 27 groups and on the conceptual-thematic signs such as "the title of functional activities and processes" - into 8 groups. Prospects for further research. The results of the study may be used in choosing the optimal methods of studying the surgical terminology, in teaching the history of medicine and surgical disciplines as well. Further researches make it possible to compile the professional dictionary of proper names in eponymic terms of surgical instruments.